CEDT

Abstract

Oral isotretinoin, a synthetic form of retinoic acid, is widely used for the treatment of moderate to severe acne, particularly in cases resistant to other therapies and prone to scarring. It is also used for conditions such as rosacea. While highly effective, isotretinoin is associated with several side effects, including mucocutaneous dryness, ocular dryness, and musculoskeletal symptoms such as back pain, arthralgia, and myalgia. In rare instances, patients may experience depressive symptoms or suicidal ideation. Vitiligo, an autoimmune condition characterized by the loss of melanocytes and the appearance of depigmented skin patches, has recently been linked to oxidative stress, metabolic disruptions, genetic predisposition, and environmental triggers. In this case report, we describe a rare occurrence of vitiligo in a 25-year-old female who developed the condition after a course of systemic isotretinoin therapy for moderate acne and rosacea. The patient exhibited a good response to treatment, with significant improvement of lesions over five months of follow-up. This case underscores the importance for dermatologists to be vigilant for all potential dermatological side effects, including vitiligo, when prescribing isotretinoin and highlights the need for early intervention and continuous monitoring in patients undergoing isotretinoin therapy.

Keywords: Vitiligo; Oral Isotretinoin; Acne vulgaris; Case report; Autoimmune; Regimentation.