Physicochemical Characterization of Mosquitoes Breeding Sites within Communities Living in the Impact Zone of the Singrobo-Ahouaty Hydroelectric Dam under Construction in South-Central Côte d’Ivoire
by Taki JD Avenié1,2*, Négnorogo Guindo-Coulibaly1, Konan F Assouho3, Michelle E Kouamé1, Moussa Koné4, Naférima Koné1, Tenena J Coulibaly1,2, Kigbafori D Silué1,2
1Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, 01 BP V34, Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire
2Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan 01 BP 1303, Côte d’Ivoire
3Institut Pierre Richet/INSP, Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire, 01 BP 1500 Bouaké 01, Côte d’Ivoire
4Centre d’Entomologie Médicale et Vétérinaire, Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire, 27 BP 529 Abidjan 27, Côte d’Ivoire
*Corresponding author: Taki J. D. Avenié, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny; Abidjan; Côte d’Ivoire
Received Date: 28 December, 2024
Accepted Date: 06 January, 2025
Published Date: 09 January, 2025
Citation: Avenié TJD, Guindo-Coulibaly N, Assouho KF, Kouamé ME, Koné M, et al. (2025) Physicochemical Characterization of Mosquitoes Breeding Sites within Communities Living in the Impact Zone of the Singrobo-Ahouaty Hydroelectric Dam under Construction in South-Central Côte d’Ivoire. J Community Med Public Health 9: 492. https://doi.org/10.29011/25772228.100492
Abstract
Objectives: This study was designed to deepen our understanding on the relationship between mosquito-breeding sites typology, physicochemical parameters and mosquito larvae stage distribution during the construction phase of the SingroboAhouaty hydroelectric dam. Main findings could help to tailor control strategies for early control of mosquitoes and vectorborne diseases. Methodology: Two entomological surveys (February and July 2021) in seven villages near a hydroelectric dam in southern Côte d’Ivoire recorded water characteristics of mosquito breeding sites. Mosquito larvae were collected using the dipping method, and then reared in the laboratory. Adult mosquitoes were identified based on morphology using identification keys. Results: Ten (10) types of potential breeding sites and thirteen (13) mosquito species belonging to genera Anopheles, Culex, and Aedes were identified. Culex quinquefasciatus (36.3%) and Anopheles gambiae (35.2%) were the most prevalent species. Water puddles (56.6%) were the most common breeding sites, followed by water storage containers (16.5%). Anopheles larvae thrived in temporary, stagnant, clear, sunny and vegetated sites. Breeding sites were significantly more colonized by Culicidae and Anophelinae larvae in long rainy season (p<0.01). Physicochemical parameters (pH, temperature, TDS, O2) varied significantly by survey (p≤0.018) and breeding site (p≤0.047). Aedes larvae tend to develop in a narrower range of conditions, while Anopheles and Culex developed over a wider range of environmental conditions. Conclusion: The study found nine breeding site types, with water puddles most prevalent, favouring Anopheles dominance, the main malaria vector. Anopheles adaptability to various habitats explains their dominance. Strengthening malaria control and community education is recommended.
Keywords: Hydroelectric dam; Malaria; Anopheles; Physicochemical parameters, Breeding sites, Côte d’Ivoire